One of the main goals of automotive original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) is to reduce the fuel consumption of vehicles. This can be achieved with the help of advanced gasoline injection technologies. Gasoline injection technologies are classified on the basis of commonly available variants, i.e. multi point fuel injection (MPFI) and gasoline direct injection (GDI). Gasoline injection technologies have evolved from simple carburetor injections to MPFI to GDI. The components of gasoline injection technologies include fuel injectors, fuel pumps, fuel ignition systems, and electronic control units. Advancements in these injection technologies have led to the development of fuel injection technologies for two-wheeler and three-wheeler segments as well. High performance premium racing bikes and some of the low end bikes also feature fuel injection technologies.
Engines with MPFI have n-injectors for n-cylinders. For example, a four cylinder engine has four injectors. In MPFI system, fuel and air are mixed outside the cylinder. In GDI, fuel is directly injected into the combustion chamber. The major challenges in adopting the GDI system are the high cost and operational complexity. Also, it needs to be built with strong materials to withstand high pressure and temperature.
GDI is an advanced version of MPFI and is mostly used in Europe. Developing regions such as Asia, Africa, and South America have high volume adoption of MPFI technology. The cannibalization rate of GDI over MPFI in these regions is fairly slow when compared to mature regions such as Europe and North America. Gasoline direct injection technology is expected to witness significant growth from 2014 to 2020. The rising demand for light commercial vehicles, especially in Asia-Pacific, and stable demand in North America and Europe are boosting the global automotive components and ancillaries industry.
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Due to the presence of major automobile manufacturers in APAC, growing concern over fuel efficiency, increasing fuel prices, and government regulations regarding vehicle exhaust gases and environmental conservation, the APAC gasoline injection technologies market is expected to witness a significant growth across the globe. Emerging economies in the APAC region, such as China and India, are expected to be among the prominent markets for automotive gasoline injection technologies due to the increase in the disposable income of individuals, growth in population and improvement in the road infrastructure in these countries.
On the other hand, the penetration rate of GDI in countries like Japan and South Korea is high as compared to MPFI, whereas this penetration is slow in other countries of APAC region such as India and China. In China, GDI type of engines have been installed in many auto models under Beijing Benz, Shanghai Volkswagen, Shanghai GM and FAW Volkswagen.
Key players in the APAC market include Continental AG, Bosch, Denso Corporation and Delphi Automotive LLP. Players such as United Automotive Electronic Systems Co. Ltd, Delphi (China), Bosch, Dongguan Keihin Engine Management System Co. Ltd. and Mitsubishi Electric Auto Parts (China) enjoy a significant market share in China. In India, Bajaj Auto is the major player in the market, and it has announced the launch of a new generation of three-wheelers powered with GDI technology. This technology has been developed in-house by the company.
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Gasoline injection being a vital and essential system, its demand is expected to grow along with automotive production across the world. Some of the underlying factors driving the growth in the gasoline injection segment include the growing automotive financing market, improving lifestyle, urbanization, and rising disposable income of individuals, especially in developing countries.
In APAC, the quest for the design of high performance vehicles with reasonable fuel economy and lower emissions has led to developments in injection technologies. In terms of growth, GDI is the more promising technology in APAC. This is expected to offer cost effective solutions for vehicle manufacturers by providing improvement in vehicle efficiency. As the availability of alternative fuels such as CNG or LNG is limited in APAC, automotive OEMs have understood the need to develop an engine which runs on gasoline and meets the strictest emission standards while offering improved performance on power and economy. Due to this, in future, the APAC gasoline injection technologies market is expected to register a significant growth.